The Southern Ocean has long stood out as an oddity in the global climate system. While most of the planet's surface oceans ...

Scour marks left by icebergs that ran aground thousands of years ago record the winds blowing off the Laurentide Ice Sheet.

Twin cyclones helped trigger massive ocean warming in the Pacific. But whether that leads to a strong El Niño is still uncertain. Here’s what you need to know.

A developing El Niño is already altering Pacific winds and ocean heat, setting up possible shifts in U.S. weather and hurricane seasons in 2026.

A newly formed El Niño could strengthen into a “super” event by winter, altering US heat, rain, hurricanes and even 2026 World Cup weather.

An international research team led by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon has, for the first time, succeeded in visualizing and quantifying the complex airflow dynamics directly above the ocean surface in ...

A laser-equipped research platform has, for the first time, photographed airflow just millimeters above ocean waves, revealing two simultaneous wind–wave energy-transfer tricks—slow short waves steal ...

The trade winds are permanent east-to-west prevailing winds that flow in Earth's equatorial region, blowing mainly from the northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and from the southeast in the Southern ...

Most of Earth's fresh water is locked in the ice that covers Antarctica. As the ocean and atmosphere grow warmer, that ice is melting at a startling pace with sea levels and global currents changing ...

It’s official: El Niño is back. By late fall 2026, forecast models give a 2-in-3 chance of a strong-to-very strong El Niño affecting the weather, climate and ocean temperatures across the planet. El ...